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How to check for closed captions in Panopto videos
From your Canvas course, click Panopto Video on the left side course navigation menu.
Since you are entering Panopto from your Canvas course, Panopto will display the videos associated with that course.
You can use the vertical scroll bar to check whether your videos have a CC button on the bottom right of the thumbnails.

Finding your videos
It might be the case that you have more videos in Panopto than are in one specific course folder.
To check your other videos, click Browse on the left side menu in Panopto.
Here, you fill find all the folders for which you have creator or viewer permission. To create closed captions, creator permission is required.

Remediating caption-less videos
To apply captions to videos that don't already have them, check out this knowledge article from Panopto on how to add ASR (automated speech recognition) captions to a video.
For future videos, you can enable closed captioning on a folder level so you do not have to add ASR captions retroactively to each individual video.
Note: Captions generated by automated speech recognition are not 100% accurate. As a result, content creators need to read and edit the captions for accuracy.